霸刀分享-我国制造业自主可控关键材料能否实现体系化突破？
我国已在铪基高K材料、聚甲醛、光刻胶树脂、超高压绝缘料、电子化学品、石墨/稀土等十余类关键材料上实现从“受制于人”到“自主量产”的实质性突破，覆盖半导体、显示、电缆、军工、新能源等核心领域。
制造业是立国之本、强国之基，而关键材料是产业链的“钢筋骨架”。长期以来，我国在重大技术装备、关键材料、核心零部件等领域高度依赖进口，电子信息、汽车、高端装备等行业存在显著“卡脖子”隐患。尤其在外部环境趋紧背景下，提升材料自主可控能力，已成为保障产业链安全、支撑新质生产力发展的战略刚需。
从应用领域来看，在半导体领域，九墨科技（中南大学孵化）用低成本锆原料制备芯片级四氯化铪，价值跃迁15倍，2026年目标打入华为海思、SK海力士供应链；八亿时空实现光刻胶树脂（KrF级）全系列产品自主研发与量产，2025年为“量产元年”，支撑本土光刻胶企业加速替代；洛阳中硅高科技有限公司联合体成功产业化11种关键电子材料，部分性能达国际先进水平。高端化工领域，中国化学工程（华陆公司 + 中科研究）自主设计千吨级中试装置，攻克原料提纯与易爆聚难题，实现聚甲醛（POM）“卡脖子”技术自主可控。电线电缆领域，万马股份（万马高分子）是国内唯一批量供货220kV超高压交联聚乙烯绝缘料的企业，28000公里运行验证，打破陶氏、北欧化工垄断。显示面板领域，三利谱的TFT - LCD宽幅偏光片填补国内产业空白，实现手机至电视全尺寸主流领域供货，成为供应链关键一环。军工/国防领域，王炯辉科研团队破解高端关键石墨产品供应空白，支撑核能、航天等战略需求；中国主导全球稀土、钨、钛、镓、锗等产能，在北约认定的12种国防关键材料中，中国掌握其中7种，形成战略反制与供应链韧性基础。
此外，除表格所列，还有宝信软件全栈PLC控制系统、青禾晶元键合集成装备等“材料 + 装备”协同突破案例，体现国产化正从单一材料向系统级自主演进。
当前我国关键材料自主可控已进入从点状突破迈向体系化攻坚的新阶段：半导体材料聚焦“最硬骨头”，直击AI算力底座HBM芯片与先进制程瓶颈；基础工业材料解决“面广量大”场景的断供风险，夯实制造业根基；战略资源材料依托全产业链控制力，形成“以我为主”的安全屏障。不过，部分材料（如EUV光刻胶、高端靶材）尚未见明确量产报道，仍需关注后续产业化落地节奏。
Can our country achieve a systematic breakthrough in key materials for independent and controllable manufacturing?
China has made substantial breakthroughs in more than a dozen key materials, including hafnium-based high-k materials, polyformaldehyde,oresist resin, ultra-high voltage insulation materials, electronic chemicals, and graphite/rare earths, transitioning from "being at the mercy of others" to " mass production," covering core fields such as semiconductors, displays, cables, military, and new energy.
Manufacturing is the foundation of a country and the key to a strong nation, while critical materials are the "steel skeleton" of the industrial chain For a long time, China has been highly dependent on imports in major technical equipment, key materials, and core components, and there are significant "bottleneck" risks industries such as electronic information, automobiles, and high-end equipment. Especially under the background of tightening external environment, enhancing the ability of materials to be independent and controllable has a strategic necessity to ensure the safety of the industrial chain and support the development of new productive forces.
From the perspective of application fields, in the semiconductor field, Jiu Mo Technology (incubated by Central South University) uses-cost zirconium raw materials to prepare chip-level tetrachloride hafnium, with a value leap of 15 times, aiming to break into the supply of Huawei Hisilicon and SK Hynix in 2026; Beijing Yibi Times has achieved the independent research and development and mass production of the full of photoresist resins (KrF grade), and 2025 is the "year of mass production", supporting domestic photoresist enterprises to accelerate replacement Luoyang Zhongsi High-tech Co., Ltd. has successfully industrialized 11 kinds of key electronic materials, and some of the performances have reached the international level. In the field of high-end chemicals, China Chemical Engineering (Huarou Company Chinese Academy of Sciences Research) has independently designed a thousand-ton pilot device overcome the problems of raw material purification and explosive polymerization, and realized the autonomous controllability of "bottleneck" technology of polyacetals (POM) In the field of wire and cable, Wanma Shares (Wanma High Molecular) is the only domestic enterprise to supply 220kV ultra- voltage cross-linked polyethylene insulation materials in batches, with 28,000 kilometers of operation verification, breaking the monopoly of Dow and Norse. In the of display panels, Sanli Spectrum's TFT-LCD wide-width polarizer fills the domestic industrial blank, realizes the supply of all-size mainstream fields from mobile to televisions, and becomes a key link in the supply chain. In the military/defense field, the scientific research team of Wang Junhui has resolved the supply blank of-end key graphite products, supporting the strategic needs of nuclear energy, aerospace, etc.; China dominates the global rare earth, tungsten, titanium, gallium germanium and other production capacity, among the 12 key defense materials recognized by NATO, China has mastered 7 of them, forming a strategic counterweight and a basis supply chain resilience.
In addition to the table, there are also cases of synergistic breakthroughs such as Baoxin Software's full-stack PLC control system Qinghe Jingyu's bonding integrated equipment, which reflect that domestic substitution is evolving from a single material to a system-level autonomous one.
China's autonomous controllability of key materials has entered a new stage of systematized research and development, with a focus on breaking through the most issues: Semiconductor materials target the "hardest bone", directly addressing the bottlenecks of AI computing power base HBM chips and advanced process technology; basic industrial materials resolve risk of supply disruption in scenarios with "broad and large" applications, solidifying the foundation of manufacturing; strategic resource materials rely on the control of the entire industry chain to form aself-centered" security barrier. However, some materials (such as EUV photoresist, high-end target materials) have not yet been reported for clear mass production, it is still necessary to pay attention to the subsequent pace of industrialization.