霸刀分享-超硬材料为何迈入发展黄金周期
超硬材料正经历从“工业牙齿”向“半导体新贵”的战略转型，正式迈入发展黄金周期，引发行业广泛关注。
超硬材料以人造金刚石和立方氮化硼（cBN）为核心，长期作为传统加工领域的“工业牙齿”。但近年来，凭借极致的硬度、热导率、光学与半导体特性，成为支撑半导体国产替代、新能源革命与高端制造升级的关键战略材料。中国商业经济学会副会长宋向清指出，行业正处于这一历史性拐点。
技术突破是超硬材料升级的重要驱动力。CVD金刚石规模化落地，四方达已具备批量制备12英寸CVD金刚石衬底及薄膜的能力，惠丰钻石在包头投资10亿元建设CVD项目，一期拟安装500台MPCVD设备，黄河旋风、力量钻石等企业也加速布局半导体级金刚石材料。2025年7月，中科院西安光机所与北京高压科学研究中心联合团队成功合成百微米–毫米级、高纯度六方金刚石块体样品，其强度、导热与光学性能优于传统立方金刚石，可用于量子计算、生物传感器等前沿领域。郑州国机金刚石研发出10微米超薄金刚石划片刀，打破进口垄断，月出货量达10万片；研制的8英寸金刚石热沉片导热性能比铜快45%，将于2026年2月量产。
市场回暖也为超硬材料发展提供了有力支撑。在培育钻石消费端，价格较峰值下跌超80%，但渗透率持续提升，性价比优势凸显；原材料出口额同比下滑36.24%，反映低端产能出清，国家对超硬材料相关物项实施出口管制，倒逼企业转向高附加值研发。在工业金刚石战略端，需求刚性增长，半导体晶圆划切、高功率器件散热、光伏硅片切割等场景爆发；超硬制品出口额同比增长7.96%，向工具类、功能化高端产品升级，“中国制造2025”、半导体国产替代等国家战略强力托底。
超硬材料黄金周期的核心逻辑是技术自主、应用升维以及政策与资本共振。河南已形成郑南商许产业集群，龙头企业如四方达、黄河旋风、力量钻石、惠丰钻石均在产能、技术、应用三线齐发，标志着中国正从全球最大产能国迈向全球高端研发与制造中心。
Why superhard materials are entering a golden age of development
Superhard materials are undergoing a strategic transformation from "industrial teeth" to "semiconductor newcomers", officially entering the golden period of development, has attracted widespread attention in the industry.
Superhard materials, with artificial diamond and cubic boron nitride (cBN) as the core, have long been known as theindustrial teeth" in traditional processing fields. However, in recent years, with its extreme hardness, thermal conductivity, optical and semiconductor properties, it has become a key strategic material supporting domestic substitution of semiconductors, the new energy revolution and the upgrading of high-end manufacturing. Song Xiangqing, vice president of the Chinese Association of Business Economics, pointed out that the industry is at a historical turning point.
Technological breakthroughs are the important driving force for the upgrading of superhard materials. CVD diamond has been industrialized, and Sifda has already possessed the ability to prepare 12-inch CVD diamond substrates and films in batches. Huifeng Diamond invested 1 billion yuan in Baotou build a CVD project, with the first phase planning to install 500 MPCVD equipment. Huanghe Xuanfeng, Lidong Diamond and other are also accelerating the layout of semiconductor-grade diamond materials. In July 2025, the joint team of the Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of the Chinese of Sciences and the Beijing High Pressure Science and Research Center successfully synthesized micrometer-millimeter-level, high-purity hexagonal diamond bulk samples, which have superior strength, conductivity and optical properties than traditional cubic diamond, and can be used in cutting-edge fields such as quantum computing and biosensors. Zhengzhou Guojixing Diamond has developed 10-micron ultra-thin diamond scribing knife, breaking the import monopoly, with a monthly shipment of 100,000 pieces; the 8inch diamond heat sink film developed has a thermal conductivity 45% faster than copper, and will be mass-produced in February 2026.
The market recovery has also provided strong support for the development of superhard materials. In the consumer market for lab-grown diamonds, prices have fallen by than 80% from their peak, but penetration has continued to increase, highlighting the advantage of cost performance; the value of exports of raw materials has declined by 36.24% year-on-year, reflecting the clearance of low-end capacity. The state has implemented export controls on items related to superhard materials, forcing enterprises to towards high-value-added research and development. At the strategic level of industrial diamonds, demand has grown rigidly, and scenarios such as semiconductor wafer dicing, high-power cooling, and photovoltaic silicon wafer cutting have exploded; exports of superhard products have increased by 7.96% year-on-year, upgrading towards-type and high-end functional products. The "Made in China 2025" and domestic substitution of semiconductor national strategies have provided strong support
The core logic of the super-hard materials golden cycle is technology autonomy, application upgrading, and policy and capital resonance. Henan has formed the Zheng Shangxu industry cluster, with leading enterprises such as Sifangda, Huanghe Xuanfeng, Liangliang Diamond, and Huiyuan Diamond making progress in terms of capacity, technology, and application, marking China's transition from the world's largest capacity country to a global high-end research and manufacturing center.